How to Take Better Portrait Photographs

Taking pictures of individual people is often theyou
mainstay of general PR and editorial work. But thereIf you shoot the person head on it will look like a
is a right way and a wrong way to do it.police mug shot. Get them to sit at an angle of 45
What I am going to look at it how to take a classicdegrees to you and then turn their heads to look
portrait shot, suitable for use as a PR image.square on to the camera. The result will be much
Before you go on to try more elaborate or way-outbetter.
methods of photographing people at least manage to6. Don't use direct flash
try and perfect the classic portrait.Direct flash (or flash on camera) is not flattering and
There are a number of hints and tips for this one, sowill give severe shadows and flare off the sitter's
let's get goingnose, forehead and chin. Better to use bounce flash if
1.Make sure your camera is vertical not horizontalyou have a external flashgun and bounce the light off
For the classic portrait shot you want your camerathe ceiling. This can work well if you have a white (or
to be oriented vertically. This suits the image muchlight coloured) ceiling that is about eight feet high.
better and avoids you having to crop off largeDon't attempt it if you are in a hall or somewhere
amounts of wasteful image to the left and right ofwhere the ceiling is 20-30 feet high - it won't work.
the subject's head.7. Or use available light
2.Make sure that the subject is not up against a wallIf you haven't got an external flashgun turn your
I always believe that if the background addsflash off by pressing the button with the small
something to an image keep it in. If it doesn't thenlightning symbol on your camera until you get the
get rid of it. The problem with a lot of digital camerassymbol that looks like a lightning with a line through it.
nowadays, especially the smaller compact ones, isThis means the flash will NEVER go off. Now mount
that they have tremendous depth of field. That is, athe camera on a tripod and use the available light (if
heck of a lot is in focus. If your subject is near toin a bright room) or use light coming through a
their background the chances are that it will be sharpwindow. Don't use direct sunlight as it is too harsh -
too, which is very distracting. So keep them at leastlight on a cloudy day or light from a north-facing
eight feet away from their background and DON'Twindow is best. To avoid harsh shadows you can use
use a brick wall either - it always looks like a muga reflector to bounce some light back.
shot from "Prisoner cell Block H"!You can buy commercial reflectors, like the ones
3. Shoot at their eye levelfrom Lastolite, or you can make your own from a
This is the best option - I usually put a chair in placelarge piece of cardboard covered in aluminium foil.
for the sitter and then set my camera up on a tripodThe secret is to get it quite close to your subject's
or hold it so that I am at their eye level. This givesface, but not so close that it appears in the shot. At
the best perspective.a push you can use a large sheet of white paper or a
4. Don't use a wide-angle lenswhite bin liner - try it it works! Please note you must
Most compact digital cameras automatically default touse a tripod - the shutter speed will be quite slow
their wide-angle settings when you first switch themand you will probably get camera shake if you don't.
on. This is the worst possible setting for a portrait.8. Make sure you "Fill the Frame"
For a start you have to get way to close to theDon't place the sitter's head in the middle of the
person you are photographing to fill the frame.frame. Make sure you use the whole frame and
Secondly, you then get terrible distortion - like lookingposition their head towards the top.
into the back of a spoon.9. Look with your eye first
The solution is to go back until you are about sixTake a look at your subject first. Are you happy
feet away from the person and then zoom in to fillwith what you can see. Is their hair OK? Is their tie
the frame. This will give more flattering perspectivestraight? If it isn't sort it out before you take the
and help to make the background more blurred. It willpicture.
also help to get rid of distracting elements in theSo there you have it. The sure-fire way of taking a
background.first class classic portrait shot.
5. Get your sitter to sit at an angle of 45 degrees to